Pakistan General Elections 2013
Major political parties:
PTI____________ PPP______________JI______________MQM____________PML(N)__________ANP
Party History:
Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP):
Spoiler: show
Electoral History (National Assembly)[8]
• 1970 Election (West Pakistan)
Seats won: 81 (out of 138 National Assembly Seats)
Formed government
ZAB in consultation with party members right after the 1970 election results were announced.
• 1977 Election
Seats won: 155 (out of 200 NA Seats)
The election was declared null and void by the military regime that toppled the government and imposed Martial Law.
• 1988 Election
Seats won: 93 (out of 204 NA seats)
Formed government.
Benazir waves to the cheering crowd after her party won the most seats in the 1988 election.
• 1990 Election
Seats won: 44 (out of 206 NA seats)
• 1993 Election
Seats won: 86 (out of 202 NA seats)
Formed Government.
• 1997 Election
Seats won: 18 (out of 204 NA seats)
• 2002 Election
Seats won: 64 (out of 271 NA seats)
• 2008 Election
Seats won: 95 (out of 268 NA seats)
Formed government.
PPP supporters dance to celebrate the party’s victory in the 2008 election.
Areas of electoral influence: Sindh; South Punjab; Parts of KP and Balochistan.
Ideological Evolution
Socialist/Populist (1967-74); Centrist/Populist (1974-77); Socialist (1978-86); Social Democrat (1988-93); Centre-left (1993-2002); Liberal-Left (2002- ).
Views on religion:
Quasi-Secular, but has always been flexible enough to accommodate certain aspects of Political Islam, Sufi Islam(9) and Modernist Reformist Islam(10).
ZAB showering rose petals on the grave of Sufi saint, Data Ganj Bakhsh, in Lahore (1974).
Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N):
Spoiler: show
Electoral history (National Assembly)(15)
• 1988 Election
Seats won: 54 (out of 204 NA seats) (16)
• 1990 Election
Seats won: 105 (out of 206 NA seats) (17)
Formed government.
Nawaz Sharif (third from left) with MQM chief, Altaf Hussain (second from left), in Karachi soon after Nawaz was elected as PM in 1990.
• 1993 Election
Seats won: 73 (out of 202 NA seats)
• 1997 Election
Seats won: 135 (out of 204 NA seats)
Nawaz Sharif behind bars at a police lock-up after his government was toppled in a military coup in 1999. He was later sent into exile.
• 2002 Election
Seats won: 15 (out of 271 NA seats)
• 2008 Election
Seats won: 72 (out of 268 NA seats)
Nawaz Sharif with PPP Chairperson, late Benazir Bhutto, in London, 2006. The two former foes signed a Charter of Democracy and vowed to work together to keep the military out of politics.
Areas of electoral influence: Punjab; parts of South Punjab; Hindko-speaking areas of KP.
Ideological evolution:
Quasi-Islamic/Conservative (1988-93); Quasi-Islamic/Conservative/Populist (1993-2000); Centre-Right/Populist (2002 – ).
Nawaz Sharif in 2009. His party is popular among Punjab’s business and trader classes.
Views on religion:
Politically moderate but socially conservative, even though recently some liberal leaders have been allowed to come to the front.
Over the years the party is trying to shed its old ‘Ziaist’/Islamic image and cultivate a more moderate and democratic appeal, even though in the last five years it has been accused by opponents of being vague and uncommitted in its stand against religious extremism and terrorism in Pakistan.
Nawaz Sharif with his handpicked president, Rafiq Tarar, who was a staunch member of the apolitical Islamic evangelical movement, the Tableeghi Jamat.
Columnist Ayaz Amir was one of the most liberal and secular leaders of the PML-N. He was however refused a party ticket for the 2013 election on the behest of the party’s ‘hawks.’
Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI):
Spoiler: show
Electoral History (National Assembly)
• 1997 Election
Seats won: None
• 2002 Election
Seats won: 1 (out of 271 NA seats)
• 2008 Election
Boycott
Areas of electoral influence (possible): Central and northern Punjab; KP.
Ideological evolution:
Right-wing (1996-2002); Centre-Right (2002-2008); Centre-Right/Populist (2010 – ).
Views on Religion:
Moderate, even though PTI has come under constant criticism for playing the role of an ‘apologist’ for the Taliban. Nevertheless, PTI has been actively criticising Sunni sectarian organisations for attacks on the Shia community.
Khan continues to clarify that his party’s relationship with religion is like that of Jinnah’s and Iqbal’s.
He usually uses Islamic symbolism in his speeches. Most of his critics label PTI as a right-wing party whereas some have gone on to suggest that Khan is using religion like the ‘socialist’ Z A. Bhutto did in the 1970s.
Khan addresses an anti-drone rally near South Waziristan, 2012.
Khan with one of his favourite pet dogs in Islamabad.
Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM):
Spoiler: show
Electoral History (National Assembly)
• 1988 Election
Seats won: 12
Became part of PPP-led government. Quit in 1990.
Altaf Hussain addressing an election rally in Karachi, 1988.
• 1990 Election
Seats won: 15
Became part of PML/IJI-led government. Quit in 1992.
• 1993 Election
Boycotted NA Election.
• 1997 Election
Seats won: 12
Became part of PML-N led government. Quit in 1998.
• 2002 Election
Seats won: 13
Became part of the PML-Q led government.
MQM’s Mustafa Kamal was elected Karachi’s Mayor in 2006. He rose to become one of the city’s most popular officials.
• 2008 Election
Seats won: 19
Became part of PPP-led government.
MQM supporters rejoice after the party swept the 2008 election in the country’s largest city, Karachi.
Areas of electoral influence: Karachi; Hyderabad (Sindh).
Ideological evolution:
Centre-left (1984-88); Centrist (1990-2002); Liberal (2002 – ).
Views on religion:
Secular. Overtly opposed to radical Islamic groups and thought. Sometimes adopts Sindh’s traditional Sufi Islamic symbolism.
Poster of an MQM rally at the shrine of Sufi saint Shah Abdul Latif in Bhitshah, Sindh.
Awami National Party (ANP):
Spoiler: show
Electoral History (National Assembly)(25)
• 1988 Election
Seats won: 2
• 1990 Election
Seats won: 6
Joined the PML/IJI led government
• 1993 Election
Seats won: 3
• 1997 Election
Seats won: 9
Became part of the PML-N government. Quit in 1998.
• 2002 Election
Seats won: None
• 2008 Election
Seats won: 10
Became part of the PPP-led government.
Areas of electoral influence: KP; and parts of Balochistan and Karachi.
Head of ANP, Asfandyar Wali speaking at an ANP convention in Peshawar.
Ideological Orientation
(As NAP): Socialist/Marxist (1967-75); (As ANP): Socialist (1986-88); Progressive/Pushtun Nationalist (1990- ).
Views on religion:
Secular/Humanist. Overtly opposed to radical Islamic groups and thought.
A recent poster of ANP showing ANP members assassinated by extreme Islamist organizations.
Jamat-i-Islami (JI):
Spoiler: show
Electoral History (National Assembly)
• 1970 Election
Seats won: 4
• 1977 Election
Seats won (As part of Pakistan National Alliance): 36
• 1988 Election
Seats won (as part of Islami Jamhoori Ittihad) 56
• 1990 Election
Seats won: (as part of Islami Jamhoori Ittihad 106
Became part of the PML-led government. Quit in 1992.
• 1993 Election
Seats won: 3
• 1997 Election
Boycotted.
• 2002 Election
Seats won (As part of Muttahida Majlis Amal): 63
Formed governments in NWFP and Balochistan.
Leading members of the MMA (2002).
• 2008 Election
Boycott
Areas of Electoral Influence: Parts of Karachi (Sindh); Parts of KP.
Ideological Orientation
Fundamentalist (1947 – ).
Views on religion:
Fundamentalist, even though the party has often expressed it through intellectual means and propaganda.
Content courtesy of DAWN newspaper.
For the full article. Political parties in Pakistan: Roots, fruit & juice | Blog | DAWN.COM
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KPK and FATA (Both provincial and national)
Sindh (provincial) (national)
Punjab (District wise both national and provincial)
Balochistan (provincial and national) <--- scroll down to Balochistan
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Credits: [MENTION=6068]Ottoman[/MENTION]
For excellent research and presentation.
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